Biography of Nellie McClung, Canadian Activist

Nellie McClung (October 20, 1873–September 1, 1951) was a Canadian womens suffragette and temperance advocate. She became famous as one of the Famous Five Alberta women who initiated and won the Persons Case to have women recognized as persons under the BNA Act. She was also a popular novelist and author. Fast Facts: Nellie McClung Known For: Canadian suffragette and authorAlso Known As: Helen Letitia MooneyBorn: October 20, 1873 in Chatsworth, Ontario, CanadaParents: John Mooney, Letitia McCurdy.Died: September 1, 1951 in Victoria, British Columbia, CanadaEducation: Teachers College in Winnipeg, ManitobaPublished Works:  Sowing Seeds in Danny, Flowers for the Living; A Book of Short Stories, Clearing in the West: My Own Story, The Stream Runs Fast: My Own StoryAwards and Honors:  Named one of Canadas  first honorary senatorsSpouse: Robert Wesley McClungChildren: Florence, Paul, Jack, Horace, MarkNotable Quote: Why are pencils equipped with erasers if not to correct mistakes? Early Life Nellie McClung was born Helen Letitia Mooney on October 20, 1873 and was raised on a homestead in Manitoba. She received very little formal education until the age of 10 but nevertheless received a teaching certificate at age 16. She married pharmacist Robert Wesley McClung at 23 and joined her mother-in-law as an active member of the Manitou Womans Christian Temperance Union. As a young woman, she wrote her first novel, Sowing Seeds in Danny, a humorous book about western country life that went on to become a best seller. She then went on to write stories and articles for various magazines. Early Activism and Politics In 1911, the McClungs moved to  Winnipeg, and it was there that Nellies powerful speaking skills became valuable in the political arena. From 1911–1914, Nellie McClung fought for womens suffrage. In the 1914 and 1915 Manitoba provincial elections, she campaigned for the Liberal Party on the issue of women voting. Nellie McClung helped organize the Winnipeg Political Equality League, a group devoted to helping working women. A dynamic and witty public speaker, Nellie McClung lectured frequently on temperance and womens suffrage. In 1914, Nellie McClung acted as the role of Manitoba Premier Sir Rodmond Roblin in the mock Womens Parliament intended to show the absurdity of denying women the vote. In 1915, the McClung family moved to Edmonton Alberta; in 1921, Nellie McClung was elected to the Alberta legislative assembly as an opposition Liberal for the riding of Edmonton. She was defeated in 1926. The Persons Case Nellie McClung was one of the Famous Five in the Persons Case, which established the status of women as persons under the law.  The Persons Case related to the British North America Act (BNA Act) which referred to persons as males. When Canadas first female police magistrate was appointed, challengers argued that the BNA Act did not consider women as persons and they could not, therefore, be appointed to official positions of power. McClung was one of five Alberta women who fought against the wording of the BNA Act. After a series of defeats, the British Privy Council (Canadas highest court of appeals) ruled in favor of the women. This was a major victory for womens rights; the Privy Council stated that the exclusion of women from all public offices is a relic of days more barbarous than ours. And to those who would ask why the word persons should include females, the obvious answer is, why should it not? Just a few months later, the first woman was appointed to the Canadian Senate. Later Career The McClung family moved to Vancouver Island in 1933. There, Nellie continued writing, focusing on her two-volume autobiography, short stories, and non-fiction. She served on the CBCs board of governors, became a delegate to the League of Nations, and continued her public speaking work. She wrote a total of 16 books, including the acclaimed In Times Like These. Causes Nellie McClung was a strong advocate for the rights of women. In addition, she worked on causes including temperance, factory safety, old age pensions, and public nursing services. She was also, along with some of her Famous Five colleagues, a strong supporter of eugenics. She believed in involuntary sterilization of the disabled and played a major role in pushing through the Alberta Sexual Sterilization Act passed in 1928. In her 1915 book,  In Times Like These, she wrote: [...] to bring children into the world, suffering from the handicaps caused by ignorance, poverty, or criminality of the parents, is an appalling crime against the innocent and hopeless, and yet one about which practically nothing is said. Marriage, homemaking, and the rearing of children are left entirely to chance, and so it is no wonder that humanity produces so many specimens who, if they were silk stockings or boots, would be marked â€Å"seconds.† Death McClung died of natural causes at her home in  Saanich  (Victoria),  British Columbia, on September 1, 1951. Legacy McClung is a complex figure for feminists. On the one hand, she fought for and helped to achieve a major political and legal goal, formalizing the rights of women as persons under the law. On the other hand, she was also a strong advocate for traditional family structure and for eugenics—an extremely unpopular concept in todays world. Sources Famous 5 Foundation.â€Å"Nellie McClung.†Ã‚  The Canadian Encyclopedia.The Nellie McClung Foundation.

Isadora Duncan About the Dancer and Dance Teacher

Known for:  Pioneering work in expressive dance and modern dance Dates: May 26 (27?), 1877 - September 14, 1927 Occupation: dancer, dance teacher Also known as: Angela Isadora Duncan (birth name); Angela Duncan About Isadora Duncan She was born as Angela Duncan in San Francisco in 1877. Her father, Joseph Duncan, was a divorced father and prosperous businessman when he married Dora Gray, 30 years younger than he was, in 1869. He left shortly after the birth of their fourth child, Angela, immersed in a banking scandal; he was arrested a year later and finally acquitted after four trials. Dora Gray Duncan divorced her husband, supporting her family by teaching music. Her husband later returned and provided a home for his ex-wife and their children. The youngest of the four children, the future Isadora Duncan, began ballet lessons in early childhood. She chafed under traditional ballet style and developed her own style that she found more natural. From age six she was teaching others to dance, and remained a gifted and committed teacher throughout her life. In 1890 she was dancing at the San Francisco Barn Theatre, and from there went to Chicago and then New York. From the age of 16, she used the name Isadora. Isadore Duncans first public appearances in America made little impact on the public or critics, and so she left for England in 1899 with her family, including her sister, Elizabeth, her brother, Raymond, and her mother. There, she and Raymond studied Greek sculpture at the British Museum to inspire her dance style and costume, adopting the Greek tunic and dancing barefoot. She won over first private and then public audiences with her free movement and unusual costume (called scanty, baring arms and legs). She began to dance in other European countries, becoming quite popular. Isadora Duncans two children, born of liaisons with two different married lovers, drowned in 1913 along with their nurse in Paris when their car rolled into the Seine. In 1914 another son died soon after he was born. This was a tragedy that marked Isadora Duncan for the rest of her life, and after their death, she tended more towards tragic themes in her performances. In 1920, in Moscow to start a dance school, she met the poet Sergey Aleksandrovich Yesenin, who was almost 20 years younger than she was. They married in 1922, at least in part so they could go to America, where his Russian background led many to identify them as Bolsheviks or communists. The abuse directed at him led her to say, famously, that she would never return to America, and she did not. They moved back to the Soviet Union in 1924, and Yesenin left Isadora. He committed suicide there in 1925. Her later tours being less successful than those in her earlier career, Isadora Duncan lived in Nice in her later years. She died in 1927 of accidental strangulation when a long scarf she was wearing became caught in the rear wheel of the car she was riding in. Shortly after her death, her autobiography came out, My Life. More About Isadora Duncan Isadora Duncan founded dance schools around the world, including in the United States, the Soviet Union, Germany, and France. Most of these schools failed quickly; the first she founded, in Gruenwald, Germany, continued for a longer time, with some students, known as Isadorables, carrying on her tradition. Her life was the subject of a 1969 Ken Russell movie, Isadora, with Vanessa Redgrave in the title role, and of a Kenneth Macmillan ballet, 1981. Background, Family Father: Joseph Charles DuncanMother: Mary Isadora (Dora) GrayFull siblings: Raymond, Augustine, and Elizabeth Partners, Children Gordon Craig, stage designer and son of Ellen Terry, father of her first child, Deirdre (born 1906)Paris Singer, art patron and wealthy heir of the Singer sewing machine fortune, father of her second child, PatrickSergey Aleksandrovich Yesenin, Russian poet, married 1922, he committed suicide in 1925 after returning to the Soviet Union Bibliography Frederika Blair. Isadora: Portrait of the Artist as a Woman (1986).Ann Daly. Done into Dance: Isadora Duncan in America (1995).Mary Desti. The Untold Story: The Life of Isadora Duncan, 1921-1927 (1929).Dorà ©e Duncan, Carol Pratl, and Cynthia Splatt, editors. Life into Art: Isadora Duncan and Her World (1993).Irma Duncan. The Technique of Isadora Duncan (1937, reissued 1970).Isadora Duncan. My Life (1927, reissued 1972).Isadora Duncan; Sheldon Cheney, editor. The Art of the Dance (1928, reissued 1977).Peter Kurth. Isadora: A Sensational Life (2002).Lillian Loewenthal. The Search for Isadora: The Legend and Legacy of Isadora Duncan (1993).Allan Ross Macdougall. Isadora: A Revolutionary in Art and Love (1960).Gordon McVay. Isadora and Esenin (1980).Nadia Chilkovsky Nahumck, Nicholas Nahumck, and Anne M. Moll. Isadora Duncan: The Dances (1994).Ilya Ilyich Schneider. Isadora Duncan: The Russian Years, translated (1968, reprinted 1981).Victor Seroff. The Real Isadora (1971).F. Steegmulle r. Your Isadora (1974).Walter Terry. Isadora Duncan: Her Life, Her Art, Her Legacy (1964).

Questions On Object Oriented Programming - 1418 Words

1 Growing a Language- by Guy Steele Shobha M. Kand Department Of Computer Science and Informatics, Purdue School of Science, IUPUI smkand@iupui.edu Abstract- A lecture given by Guy L. Steele in 1998 at â€Å"OOPSLA 13th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming† focuses mainly on the nature and growth of programming-language design. The speaker started his lecture by giving insights into the use and nature of programming-languages. He started with examples of English language comparing with a programming-language. He talked about the set of constraints showing one may use any word of single syllable. The speaker also demonstrates it can be confining to expressing yourself when you don’t have access to an extensive vocabulary. If someone wishes to use the longer words, one must define them using only such words have one syllable Guy Steele shows with his talk is that small language restricts the expressiveness of thoughts. You must define a lot of new words to express your thoughts and ideas clearly. .He give s many more interesting points how languages should be grown. He discusses that how programmer needs to enhance the ability to expand the vocabularies of languages that feels weakened. The speaker ends his lecture after explaining the main goal of programming language design by giving various examples. [1][2][5] Keywords- Programming Language, Software Design, Object Oriented Programming, ACM conference, OOPSLA’98. 2 1. INTRODUCTION â€Å"A programming language is aShow MoreRelatedQuestions On Object Oriented Programming Essay1506 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is OOP? OOP (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming language model organized around objects and data other than logic and actions. This would mean that the program takes a logical approach to programming instead of an action/reaction approach. 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Ethics Of Living Jim Crow Essay Example For Students

Ethics Of Living Jim Crow Essay The Ethics of Living Jim Crow ? My InterpretationThe Ethics of Living Jim Crow is an autobiographical account of author Richard Wrights education in race relations in a totally segregated south. Wright talks about his experiences growing up in the south and the racism he encountered. He attempts to show us what being on the receiving end of racism is really like, and the lessons he learned from them. I believe that Wrights intended audience seems to be directed towards white people so that they may gain an understanding of the hardships blacks went through early in our nations history. Wright starts off by explaining where he grew up. The house he lived in was located behind the railroad tracks and his ?skimpy yard was paved with cinder blocks? (600). To see green you had to look beyond the railroad tracks to the whites section of town. I felt that here the author seemed to know that there was a difference between the two, but at his young age he did not understand why the two were different. In the first part of the article Wright describes a fight that he gets into with some white boys and the punishment he receives from his mother for it. His mother tells him that he is ?never, never, under any conditions, to fight white folks again? (601). She goes on to say that he should be thankful that the white kids didnt kill him. I think that in telling Wright this, his mother is teaching him that blacks are not as good as whites and that he should be thankful that they allow blacks to exist in the same world as the whites. Wright goes on describing different jobs he had and the dealings he had with his white bosses. In one section the author talks about watching his white boss drag and kick a black woman into the store where he worked. After a few minutes the woman comes out bloody and crying. The author explains what happened with some of his black co-workers. None of them are surprised by this and one adds that she was lucky to just have been beaten and not raped as well. I think the author here is showing that blacks in the early south were almost immune to this type of racism. It is so commonplace that the blacks hardly blink when it happens. Wright later talks about moving to a larger city and the interactions he had with the white people there. The author explains that the whites there were a little more accepting, and would actually hold conversations with the blacks. The author points out that caution must be used when talking with whites on subjects like the Ku Klux Klan, Abraham Lincoln, the civil war, and ?any topic calling for positive knowledge or manly self-assertion on the part of the Negro? (610), should be avoided. Throughout this article Wright talks about learning his ?Jim Crow lessons.? Jim Crow refers to the name of a character in minstrelsy (in which white performers in blackface used African American stereotypes in their songs and dances); it is not known how it became a term describing racial segregation. The term Jim Crows literal definition means ?separate but still equal.? I believe the author finds the part about being equal very ironic with his title and when he mentions his ?Jim Crow lessons.?The last part of the article describes how blacks felt about the way they had to live. A friend of the author summed it up by saying, ?Lawd, man! Ef it wuznt fer them polices ?n them ol lynch-mobs, there wouldnt be nothin but uproar down here!? (610). With this, I believe, the author has come to the realization that when it comes to racism, the blacks in the south knew about it, received it frequently, and came to accept it and the atrocities that come with it. English Essays